Tuesday, April 26, 2016

Before They Are Endangered

A recent article from the Press of Atlantic City, reminds us that protecting New Jersey's snakes, birds, frogs and other animals and plants BEFORE they are endangered is really the goal of conservationists.

In that article, the focus is on effort in the far-from-barren NJ Pinelands. The post online includes a video and follows Emile DeVito, an expert on endangered species in the 1.1-million-acre Pinelands National Reserve, who studies the rarest plants and animals.



Those species include the Pickering’s morning glory and the iconic Pine Barrens tree frog.

The Pickering's morning glory is not currently listed in NJ and so its rarity makes it the kind of species that needs attention (and will not get as much federal or state funding support) so that it is not overlooked and it moves to a threatened or endangered status.

Current limited range for the Pine Barrens treefrog


The Pine Barrens treefrog is another kind of species case study. In 1979, iy was listed as an endangered species in New Jersey due to its restricted range, declining population, habitat loss, and pollution of breeding ponds. But conservation efforts moved the treefrog population to a point that it is currently considered stable.

New Jersey serves as a stronghold for this species throughout its entire range. In areas of suitable habitat, they may seem abundant. However, protection of this species is warranted, as quality habitat is limited to specialized Pine Barrens ecosystems patchily distributed throughout its range.

 Flower of Stylisma pickeringii Pickering's Dawnflower or Pickering's Morning Glory, near Batsto, New Jersey.
via Wikimedia
Conservationists have long known that addressing species in decline before they reach the the stages of being threatened or endangered is the real goal.

As members of the New Jersey Conservation Foundation, New Jersey Audubon and the NJDEP track species, they can identify important habitat for that species.

For example, the docile pine snake can be tracked using implanted transmitters that allow us to discover winter dens and nesting sites.

Pine snake moving across sandy soil

We have more than 80 species of wildlife from mammals to birds to insects in New Jersey that are considered endangered or threatened. (See list at www.state.nj.us) There are also dozens of plants that are in danger that probably get less attention than the "sexier" wildlifr.

Some habitats that need protectionare less than intuitive spaces. For example, Ryan Rebozo, director of conservation science at the Pinelands Preservation Alliance, says that the edges of roads in the Pinelands could replace some lost open areas, such as those lost by dousing fires that naturally create suitable habitat. But too often road departments are mowing these areas at inopportune times when some rare plants are flowering. He estimates that 11,000 acres of road edges could be suitable habitat for some of our rare plants, such as the the Pine Barrens gentian, which needs direct sunlight and flowers later in the fall when mowing is common.

As important as education and information, such as this post, can be, it alone isn’t going to save species. People, especially volunteers and the general public, need to take action.

Wednesday, April 20, 2016

Celebrating Earth Day in New Jersey



Earth Day - Friday, April 22 - is a great way to show appreciation for the Earth. This one special day is more important than ever because learning about the environmental dangers that face our home is ever increasingly crucial to the planet's and our own well being.

Via freeholddodge.net we get these 6 suggestions for ways to celebrate Earth Day around Monmouth County, NJ.

What's happening in your area?  Add a comment to this post!


The Bayshore Waterfront Park at Port Monmouth is a great way to learn about marine life and beach restoration. You and your family can tour the park and witness the wildlife that dwells on the beach. You can even participate in an interactive show and tell program.
Deep Cut Gardens in Middletown offers a beautiful landscape of vast gardens that you can walk through and enjoy. It's here that you can learn the tricks of the trade so that you can improve your home garden, and make your thumb a little greener. For family fun, Deep Cut Gardens offers scavenger hunts on its 54 acres.
Huber Woods Environmental Center in Locust offers a variety of activities that would be perfect for Earth Day. Your little ones can learn more about the Lenape tribe, the natives who used to dwell in the area before it was settled by European colonists. They can play Native American instruments, try basket weaving and participate in the maize game.
The Manasquan Reservoir Environmental Center, located in Howell, is hosting an event called "Celebrate Earth Hour" on March 19th at 8 p.m. This no-flashlight event offers games, night hikes, crafts and treats for you and your whole family. At the end of this event, participants are encouraged to enjoy the vast sky that will be better observed because of the lack of light pollution.
Thompson Park in Lincroft encourages getting dirty. What they mean is that children should run around outside and enjoy the flora and fauna. This 667 acre park offers various activities that are perfect for you and your family including tennis courts and winding paths that are great for hikes.
Turkey Swamp Park, located in Freehold, is a great place to take the family for the weekend. This park features a 2,261 acre wooded park that is perfect for camping. Build a fire, go fishing and enjoy the beautiful sight of nature with your family. You can even go swimming in the 17-acre lake.

Double Trouble State Park

I am a big fan of the Pinelands (AKA The Pine Barrens) and as the weather warms up, you might want to visit some of the state parks that are in that area.

The property that makes up Double Trouble State Park was purchased by New Jersey in 1964. Besides recreational opportunities, it afforded a way to help protect the Cedar Creek watershed.

The Double Trouble Historic District was placed on the State Register of Historic Places in 1977 and on the National Register in 1978.

This park, located in Lacey and Berkeley Townships, offers visitors a great place for a simple walk, bicycling and horseback riding on the easy trails and sand roads throughout the park. The Double Trouble Historic District has a self-guided, marked 1.5-mile loop nature trail and several miles of unmarked paths along sand service roads. Nature trail guides are available at the trailhead next to the cranberry packing house and at the park information building.

There is no entrance fee.

Cedar Creek offers canoeing and kayaking opportunities. Cedar Creek from Bamber Lake to Barnegat Bay runs approximately 9 miles.

There are 8,500 acres in this Pine Barrens ecosystem which was once the site of cranberry bogs. Going back to the Civil War, Atlantic white cedar swamps were cleared and converted into cranberry bogs and into the early 20th century, the Double Trouble Company ran one of our state's largest cranberry operations.

Cranberry harvest at Double Trouble State Park - photo by George Mar


You can take tours of the historic Double Trouble Village which was associated with cranberry agriculture as well as earlier Atlantic white cedar logging and milling.

The interesting name of the area supposedly comes from a time when beavers and muskrats were gnawing holes in a dam on the mill pond. On a day when two leaks were discovered simultaneously at the site, a worker is said to have exclaimed "There's double trouble."


Thursday, April 14, 2016

The Great Falls Today


Yesterday, I wrote about some of the history of the Great Falls of the Passaic River in Paterson. Today, I'm looking at what is there today.

It is a natural wonder, but it is only 15 miles from downtown Manhattan and surrounded by a very urban and troubled city.

It is New Jersey's newest national park - officially the Great Falls National Historic Park.

We know it for the 77-foot falls that is so often photographed with its arched iron bridge and historic redbrick mill buildings that were once powered by the falls and its raceway system.

The smash hit Broadway musical Hamilton about Paterson's founding father has made Paterson a place to visit if the story intrigues you and you want to dig deeper. The connection between the musical's story and Alexander Hamilton's economic legacy began not in New York City but at Paterson's Great Falls.

Hamilton chose the site of the Great Falls to propel his brainchild, a "national manufactory," Paterson was America's first planned industrial city. In 1791 the Society for the Establishing Usefull Manufactures (S.U.M) was incorporated.

The Great Falls is the east coast's second largest waterfall. Everyone knows #1 - Niagara Falls - and the hope was that New Jersey could pull some tourists to our Great Falls and the surrounding Paterson historic district.

But, just like other natural areas like forests and beaches, and historic areas and wildlife species, the Great Falls needs protection.

The area was named a National Natural Landmark in 1967, a National Historic Landmark District in 1976, And getting a national historic park designation in 2009 helps, but it is not enough.

Last fall, Paterson's Planning Board approved a 156-unit apartment complex atop the ridge overlooking the historic district and falls. Huh? Doesn't that destroy the very thing that you want to promote?

Perhaps the tourism dollars from the park have not come or have not come quickly. Selling land and having construction done is fast and easy money, but will a dangerous half-life to the future.

Short-term tax ratables versus long-term planning and a revitalized Paterson is much more difficult and will take much longer - but will have a much longer and lasting impact on the city, area and state.


Cultural Center at the park

Wednesday, April 13, 2016

Paterson's Great Falls History

Distant view of Passaic Falls.
Distant view of Passaic Falls. by New York Public Library, on Flickr
It was founding father Alexander Hamilton - the current subject of a hip-hop Broadway musical bearing his name - who first imagined how the Great Falls could power industrial development. Hamilton visited the falls in 1778, in the midst of the Revolutionary War, and shared his vision with George Washington and General Lafayette.

After the war, as U.S. treasury secretary, Hamilton selected Paterson to become the nation's first planned industrial city. The water-powered mills produced silk, locomotives and guns, including the first Colt .45 pistols.

Paterson enjoys a distinguished history as one of this nation's earliest industrial centers. It owes its existence to the far reaching vision of one of America's most important founders, and a shaper of our modern governmental and financial institutions, Alexander Hamilton. Hamilton envisioned Paterson, with its water power provided by the Great Falls of the Passaic River, as America's counterpart and response to the industrial revolution occurring in England during the same period.

The history of the City of Paterson includes its beginnings as the ambitious project of Hamilton and the Society for Establishing Useful Manufacturers (S.U.M.) in 1792 at the Great Falls, the early development of water power systems for industrial use, and the various types of manufacturing that occurred in the District's mills into the 20th Century. These included cotton fabrics, railroad locomotives, textile machinery, jute, and silk spinning, weaving, and dyeing, among many others.

The Great Falls also represents compelling stories of the lives of immigrants who labored in the mills, those who owned and operated manufacturing concerns and became wealthy, and the quest of laborers and the labor movement for better working conditions and pay. Immigrants still settle today in Paterson to pursue their versions of Hamilton's vision, creating a diverse and vibrant culture.


Samuel Colt was an early Paterson business owner? From 1836 until 1842, his gun mill produced about 5,000 guns. A lack of government contracts was a major factor in his failure in Paterson. He later achieved success in his hometown of Hartford, Conn., with the outbreak of the Mexican-American War.

Waterfalls and ancient geology, engineering landmarks and the economic birth of a new nation - these are just a few of the things you will discover on your visit to the City of Paterson and the Paterson Great Falls National Historical Park.


Interesting slideshow of vintage Paterson postcards and audio about preserving the city's heritage from The New York Times.

Saturday, April 9, 2016

Fishers Return to New Jersey

Fisher - via wikipedia commons
Since the days of logging operations and unregulated trapping in New Jersey back in the early 1900s, you haven't heard or seen much of the fisher in our state. This species was once widely taken for its fur and was eliminated (extirpated) statewide.

But it seems to be making a comeback. Recently, two trappings of fishers by state officials in North Jersey, seems to indicate a return of fishers to the state.

Fishers are long, slender animals usually measuring between 20 and 25 inches with dark brown or black fur with white-tipped hair over most of their bodies.They prefer to live in forested areas, making dens in hollow trees and preying on small animals, including mice, squirrels, shrew and even porcupines.

Fishers are good swimmers and may be found by lakes, timbered swamps and bogs. They can have a home range of 1-3, but up to 15 square miles.

Sometimes confused with the wolverine (which does not exist in NJ), fishers are found only in North America. Also referred to as the fisher cat and Appalachian black cat, this animal may look like a cat or fox, but has a tough wolverine-like disposition.

Its name is a misnomer in that it is neither a feline nor does it catch fish. The fisher (Martes pennanti) is a member of the Mustelidae family, which includes otters, badgers, martens, ferrets, minks, and wolverines.

According to conservewildlifenj.org, this carnivore will eat anything it can catch — typically small- to medium-sized mammals and birds, carrion and some nuts and fruits also make up a portion of its diet. They can take down weak or injured deer, especially in times of heavy snow pack.

One distinction is that it is the  only predator of porcupines in the country. Those ominous prickly porcupine quills are effective against most predators except the fisher. It pursues a porcupine up a tree until it can go no further and falls. The fall stuns the porcupine, allowing the fisher to access the unprotected underside.


The fishers found in New Jersey probably came from some that were reintroduced in Northern Pennsylvania in the 1990s or from the Catskill Region of New York State, where they were introduced in the late 1970s to early 1980s,

There have only been three previous live discoveries of fishers in New Jersey in the last decade.

This year, one was captured in January in Mansfield Township and another fisher was caught and released in February in Washington Township, according to New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection.

Being that fishers have no natural enemies and few disease occurrences, without trapping by humans, vehicle collisions are the most likely reason for their death.



A fisher in West Virginia via Wikipedia Commons

Wednesday, April 6, 2016

Golden Eagle Rescued and Released

Chris Soucy Executive Director at The Raptor Trust and Don Bonica owner of Toms River Avian Care release a rescued golden eagle which was fitted with a solar powered transmitter from a ridge at the Montclair Hawk Watch. Montclair, NJ 3/25/16 (Robert Sciarrino | NJ Advance Media for NJ.com)

One of the good stories to report. A golden eagle found in a snare trap by a hunter in South Jersey has been rehabilitated by the staff and volunteers from Toms River Avian Care and the Raptor Trust in Millington and is back in the sky. Golden eagles are a rare visitor to New Jersey.

Now fitted with a GPS transmitter (a first for this bird species in NJ), biologists can track the bird. Using the ridges from the release point at the Montclair Hawk Watch and following the Hudson River, it was likely the bird would head towards Canada.

The golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is one of the best-known birds of prey in the Northern Hemisphere. It is the most widely distributed species of eagle.

These birds are dark brown, with lighter golden-brown plumage on their napes. Immature eagles of this species typically have white on the tail and often have white markings on the wings. Golden eagles use their agility and speed combined with powerful feet and massive, sharp talons to snatch up a variety of prey (mainly hares, rabbits, marmots and other ground squirrels).

Golden Eagle in flight - 5.jpg
Photo by Tony Hisgett from Birmingham, UK, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=18249270

Friday, April 1, 2016

Pequest Open House This Weekend



The NJDEP Division of Fish and Wildlife will hold its annual Pequest Trout Hatchery and Natural Resource Education Center Open House this weekend on April 2 and 3, from 10:00 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. daily. Admission and parking are free.

The Open House has become a rite of spring for many freshwater anglers and outdoor enthusiasts of all ages, offering outdoor activities that are both fun and educational.  The event is held annually prior to the opening day of trout season, which falls on April 9 this year.

The event will feature archery and BB gun ranges, conservation exhibits and a giant mobile fishing tank loaded with monster trout and warm-water game fish from the Hackettstown and Pequest fish hatcheries. Children 4-16 will also be able to try their hand at fishing in the Kiddie Trout Tank and Fishing Education Pond, and a Sportsmen’s Flea Market will offer deals on fishing and hunting equipment, and other outdoor gear.



For more information about the event, including the full schedule of activities, visit http://www.njfishandwildlife.com/peqoh.htm